2025.findings-emnlp.173@ACL

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#1 FlowMalTrans: Unsupervised Binary Code Translation for Malware Detection Using Flow-Adapter Architecture [PDF] [Copy] [Kimi] [REL]

Authors: Minghao Hu, Junzhe Wang, Weisen Zhao, Qiang Zeng, Lannan Luo

Applying deep learning to malware detection has drawn great attention due to its notable performance. With the increasing prevalence of cyberattacks targeting IoT devices, there is a parallel rise in the development of malware across various Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs). It is thus important to extend malware detection capacity to multiple ISAs. However, training a deep learning-based malware detection model usually requires a large number of labeled malware samples. The process of collecting and labeling sufficient malware samples to build datasets for each ISA is labor-intensive and time-consuming. To reduce the burden of data collection, we propose to leverage the ideas of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) and Normalizing Flows (NFs) for malware detection. Specifically, when dealing with malware in a certain ISA, we translate it to an ISA with sufficient malware samples (like X86-64). This allows us to apply a model trained on one ISA to analyze malware from another ISA. Our approach reduces the data collection effort by enabling malware detection across multiple ISAs using a model trained on a single ISA.

Subject: EMNLP.2025 - Findings