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This paper presents a novel method for estimating a vocal-tract spectrum from speech signals, based on a modeling of excitation signals of voiced speech. A formulation of linear prediction coding with impulse train is derived and applied to the phase-equalized speech signals, which are converted from the original speech signals by phase equalization. Preliminary results show that the proposed method improves the robustness of the estimation of a vocal-tract spectrum and the quality of re-synthesized speech compared with the conventional method. This technique will be useful for speech coding, speech synthesis, and real-time speech conversion.