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#1 Learning to Route: Per-Sample Adaptive Routing for Multimodal Multitask Prediction [PDF2] [Copy] [Kimi] [REL]

Authors: Marzieh Ajirak, Oded Bein, Ellen Rose Bowen, Dora Kanellopoulos, Avital Falk, FAITH M. GUNNING, Nili Solomonov, Logan Grosenick

We propose a unified framework for adaptive routing in multitask, multimodal prediction settings where data heterogeneity and task interactions vary across samples. We introduce a routing-based architecture that dynamically selects modality processing pathways and task-sharing strategies on a per-sample basis. Our model defines multiple modality paths, including raw and fused representations of text and numeric features, and learns to route each input through the most informative modality-task expert combination. Task-specific predictions are produced by shared or independent heads depending on the routing decision, and the entire system is trained end-to-end. We evaluate the model on both synthetic data and real-world psychotherapy notes, predicting depression and anxiety outcomes. Our experiments show that our method consistently outperforms fixed multitask or single-task baselines, and that the learned routing policy provides interpretable insights into modality relevance and task structure. This addresses critical challenges in personalized healthcare by providing per-subject adaptive information processing that accounts for data and task correlation heterogeneity.

Subject: NeurIPS.2025 - Poster